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---
category:
- "[[Journal]]"
type:
- "[[Log]]"
title: failing drive testing
created: 2026-05-15T05:38:44
date: 2026-05-15
tags:
---
the [[Toshiba 3TB HDD High-Performance P300|drive]] seems to be failing, want to see what's really wrong with it. Ran the following command (used `-d sat` as the drive is connected via usb)
```
smartctl -d sat -T permissive -a /dev/sdx
```
output
```
smartctl 7.5 2025-04-30 r5714 [x86_64-linux-7.0.2-2-pve] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-25, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Toshiba P300 (CMR)
Device Model: TOSHIBA HDWD130
Serial Number: 3713VPPAS
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000039 fe6cfd8d8
Firmware Version: MX6OACF0
User Capacity: 3,000,592,982,016 bytes [3.00 TB]
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Rotation Rate: 7200 rpm
Form Factor: 3.5 inches
Device is: In smartctl database 7.5/5706
ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 4
SATA Version is: SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Fri May 15 05:36:59 2026 BST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART Status not supported: Incomplete response, ATA output registers missing
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
Warning: This result is based on an Attribute check.
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x84) Offline data collection activity
was suspended by an interrupting command from host.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: (21504) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 359) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003d) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000b 100 100 016 Pre-fail Always - 0
2 Throughput_Performance 0x0005 140 140 054 Pre-fail Offline - 68
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0007 140 140 024 Pre-fail Always - 402 (Average 416)
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 1641
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 005 Pre-fail Always - 5
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000b 100 100 067 Pre-fail Always - 0
8 Seek_Time_Performance 0x0005 124 124 020 Pre-fail Offline - 33
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0012 093 093 000 Old_age Always - 53349
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 060 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 231
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 1693
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0012 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 1693
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0002 157 157 000 Old_age Always - 38 (Min/Max 4/58)
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 5
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0022 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 56
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0008 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x000a 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 4
CR = Command Register [HEX]
FR = Features Register [HEX]
SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
ER = Error register [HEX]
ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.
Error 4 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 53349 hours (2222 days + 21 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 68 50 5e 26 0c Error: UNC 104 sectors at LBA = 0x0c265e50 = 203841104
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 00 b8 59 26 40 00 07:48:10.253 READ DMA EXT
25 00 b0 08 52 26 40 00 07:48:10.242 READ DMA EXT
25 00 00 08 4a 26 40 00 07:48:10.232 READ DMA EXT
25 00 f0 18 42 26 40 00 07:48:10.220 READ DMA EXT
25 00 00 18 3a 26 40 00 07:48:10.209 READ DMA EXT
Error 3 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 53320 hours (2221 days + 16 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 48 10 77 92 0c Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0c927710 = 210925328
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 68 88 30 79 92 40 00 4d+18:00:26.852 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 90 e8 58 78 92 40 00 4d+18:00:26.852 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 e0 80 78 73 92 40 00 4d+18:00:26.852 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 70 70 98 72 92 40 00 4d+18:00:26.852 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 a8 e0 a8 71 92 40 00 4d+18:00:26.852 READ FPDMA QUEUED
Error 2 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 53281 hours (2220 days + 1 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 60 b8 57 7c 0c Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0c7c57b8 = 209475512
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 80 e0 b8 9d cf 40 00 3d+03:07:44.065 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 80 78 98 55 7c 40 00 3d+03:07:44.056 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 80 70 98 57 7c 40 00 3d+03:07:44.056 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 80 a0 18 57 7c 40 00 3d+03:07:44.056 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 80 98 18 55 7c 40 00 3d+03:07:44.056 READ FPDMA QUEUED
Error 1 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 53281 hours (2220 days + 1 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 60 88 47 3c 0c Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0c3c4788 = 205277064
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 80 b0 68 47 3c 40 00 3d+02:59:20.357 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 80 78 e8 47 3c 40 00 3d+02:59:20.357 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 80 70 e8 46 3c 40 00 3d+02:59:20.357 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 80 68 68 48 3c 40 00 3d+02:59:20.342 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 80 60 e8 44 3c 40 00 3d+02:59:20.342 READ FPDMA QUEUED
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Extended offline Completed: read failure 10% 53334 -
# 2 Extended offline Aborted by host 90% 53328 -
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
The above only provides legacy SMART information - try 'smartctl -x' for more
```
> [!NOTE] AI summary
> The Diagnosis: Physical Surface Failure
>
> The drive is physically failing due to bad sectors, and it is hitting the end of its natural lifespan.
>
> 1. Critical Lifespan Data (`ID 9`)
>
> - **Power_On_Hours:** 53,349 hours.
> - This drive has been running continuously for over **6 years** (2,222 days). Consumer-grade mechanical hard drives typically show high failure rates after 3 to 5 years of continuous use.
>
> 1. Sector Degradation Flags (`ID 5` & `ID 197`)
>
> - **Reallocated_Sector_Ct (5):** The raw value is **5**. The drive has already found 5 physically dead sectors and permanently swapped them out for clean backup sectors.
> - **Current_Pending_Sector (197):** The raw value is **56**. This is the critical warning flag. The drive currently has 56 unstable sectors waiting to be reallocated. It cannot reliably read or write to these locations right now, which is causing your system slowdowns or software freezes.
>
> 1. Active Read Errors (`UNC Errors`)
>
> The log shows 4 major hardware error events at the very end of its runtime (at 53,349 hours).
>
> - **Error Code `UNC`:** This stands for **Uncorrectable Error**.
> - The internal Error Correction Code (ECC) inside the drive can no longer fix the corrupted bits coming off the platter surface.
> - The failures occurred while processing standard read requests (`READ DMA EXT` and `READ FPDMA QUEUED`), meaning any system or file trying to scan those areas will immediately hang or experience an I/O drop.
>
> What is Wrong With It?
>
> The magnetic substrate coating on the internal physical platters is physically degrading. The drive's actuator head is passing over these spots and encountering corrupted data it can no longer parse or repair.
>
> Because the `Current_Pending_Sector` count is high (56) alongside active `UNC` errors, the damage is actively spreading. The drive will continue to drop off the system or fail reads whenever those specific sectors are accessed. It cannot be repaired or reliably used anymore.
>